Multi-stimuli responsive cellulose nanocrystal-based microcapsules with enhanced insecticidal efficacy and...

Area of Science:

• Agricultural Science
• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Sustainable crop protection requires pesticide formulations with intelligent release and high safety.
• Current methods face challenges in achieving multiple functions cost-effectively due to complex synthesis and additives.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a cost-effective, smart insecticide system using nanocellulose.
• To create microcapsules with multi-stimuli responsiveness and enhanced pesticide delivery.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of methacrylic anhydride-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (MCNCs)-stabilized high internal phase Pickering emulsion (IMI@MCNCs-HIPPE).
• In situ radical polymerization of N, N-Diethyl-2-propenamide (DEAAM) to synthesize IMI@MCNCs-g-DEAAM microcapsules.
• Evaluation of encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity, release kinetics, and field performance on crops.

Main Results:

• Synthesized microcapsules exhibited high encapsulation (96.5%) and loading capacity (58.2%).
• The system demonstrated dual-pH and temperature responsiveness, leading to sustained and controlled pesticide release.
• Enhanced spreading, adhesion, rainfastness, and photostability were observed on corn and tomato leaves, outperforming commercial formulations.
• Bioassays confirmed superior insecticidal efficacy against key pests, with excellent safety for seed germination, soil microbes, and zebrafish.

Conclusions:

• The nanocellulose-based platform offers a sustainable, cost-effective solution for smart insecticide delivery.
• The technology enables controlled release, precise targeting, and improved biological safety for sustainable agriculture.
• This research provides a novel approach to enhance pesticide performance and environmental compatibility.