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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Neisseria meningitidis Infection of Induced Pluripotent Stem-Cell Derived Brain Endothelial Cells
10:12

Neisseria meningitidis Infection of Induced Pluripotent Stem-Cell Derived Brain Endothelial Cells

Published on: July 14, 2020

Chiari Network: An Innocent Bystander or the Culprit of Right-Sided Infective Endocarditis?

Louis Chun-Wai Choi1, Kevin Ka-Ho Kam2

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine & Geriatrics, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.

JACC. Case Reports
|June 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Infective endocarditis can affect the Chiari network, a rare cause of right-sided heart infection in high-risk individuals. Transesophageal echocardiography is crucial for diagnosis when initial scans are inconclusive.

Keywords:
Chiari networkendocarditisright hearttricuspid valve

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Neisseria meningitidis Infection of Induced Pluripotent Stem-Cell Derived Brain Endothelial Cells
10:12

Neisseria meningitidis Infection of Induced Pluripotent Stem-Cell Derived Brain Endothelial Cells

Published on: July 14, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • A 46-year-old woman with a history of intravenous heroin use presented with symptoms suggestive of infection.
  • She was diagnosed with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and presented with fever and respiratory distress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of infective endocarditis involving the Chiari network.
  • To emphasize the diagnostic utility of transesophageal echocardiography in specific endocarditis cases.

Main Methods:

  • A patient with intravenous drug use and Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia underwent imaging studies.
  • Transthoracic echocardiography initially showed severe tricuspid regurgitation but no vegetations.
  • Transesophageal echocardiography was performed for further evaluation.

Main Results:

  • Transesophageal echocardiography identified a vegetation on the Chiari network and tricuspid leaflet perforation.
  • The patient received antibiotic treatment and showed clinical improvement.
  • Follow-up transesophageal echocardiography confirmed the resolution of the vegetation.

Conclusions:

  • The Chiari network can serve as a substrate for right-sided infective endocarditis in high-risk patients.
  • Transesophageal echocardiography is essential for evaluating the Chiari network and Eustachian valve in patients with suspected right-sided infective endocarditis and negative transthoracic echocardiograms.