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Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Catheterization IV: Nursing Management01:26

Cardiac Catheterization IV: Nursing Management

Nursing responsibilities before cardiac catheterization include:Assess for allergies and establish baseline health status.Before cardiac catheterization, assess the patient for allergies to contrast dye. Perform a comprehensive baseline assessment, including vital signs, heart and breath sounds, and a neurovascular assessment of the extremities, noting distal pulses, skin color, and temperature. Instruct the patient to fast for 8-12 hours before the procedure. Evaluate baseline laboratory...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Implantation and Control of Wireless, Battery-free Systems for Peripheral Nerve Interfacing
07:13

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Published on: October 20, 2021

Pectoral Nerve Block for Cardiac Device Implants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Rakesh Agarwal1,2, Aditya Verma3, Dhurjati Prasad Sinha4

  • 1Cardiology Department, Lyell McEwin Hospital, Elizabeth Vale, South Australia, Australia.

Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE
|June 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Pectoral Nerve Block (PECS) effectively manages pain after Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device (CIED) procedures, reducing opioid use. Further randomized trials are needed to confirm these findings for optimal patient care.

Keywords:
CIEDPECScardiac devicecardiac resynchornization therapynerve blockpacemakerpain managementpectoral nerve block

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pain Management
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) procedures often cause significant peri- and post-operative pain.
  • The Pectoral Nerve Block (PECS), originally for breast surgery, is increasingly adopted for chest surgeries, including CIED implantation, to manage pain.
  • Limited data exists on the efficacy and safety of PECS blocks for CIED pain management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the available evidence on the efficacy and safety of the PECS block for pain management in patients undergoing CIED implantation.
  • To estimate the impact of PECS blocks on pain scores and opioid requirements post-CIED surgery.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive search of Medline (PubMed) and Scopus databases was conducted up to May 31, 2025.
  • Included studies were randomized controlled trials and observational studies reporting on PECS block use for CIED pain control.
  • Five eligible studies (n=816) were included in the meta-analysis (PROSPERO CRD420251071794).

Main Results:

  • The meta-analysis revealed low mean pain scores at 1, 6, and 24 hours post-CIED implant (1.74±0.65, 0.98±0.12, 1.06±0.93).
  • One study showed significantly lower pain scores with PECS compared to standard care at 4 hours (1.5±2.1 vs. 4.5±2.5, p<0.001).
  • PECS blocks were associated with reduced intra- and post-operative opioid requirements (12.17% and 9.95% respectively), with no reported complications.

Conclusions:

  • Observational data suggests PECS blocks are effective for pain control after CIED implantation, leading to lower pain scores and reduced opioid use.
  • High patient satisfaction is indicated with PECS block use in this context.
  • The current evidence base is limited by a lack of robust comparative and randomized data, necessitating further research.