DNA Nanotechnology-Enabled Precise Regulation of Nanozymes and Their Applications

Nanozymes overcome key limitations of natural enzymes, including poor environmental tolerance, high production costs, and batch-to-batch variability, with their enhanced physicochemical stability and controllable catalytic performance, thus enabling applications in biocatalysis and disease theranostics. However, their practical applications remain limited by insufficient catalytic efficiency, inadequate target specificity, and restricted programmable dynamic adaptability. DNA nanotechnology offers a versatile and biocompatible framework for the precise regulation of nanozymes due to its sequence-defined programmability and precise molecular recognition capability. This approach improves catalytic performance while maintaining excellent biocompatibility and low immunogenicity. This review systematically summarizes the latest advances in DNA nanotechnology-mediated precise regulation of nanozymes, with particular emphasis on the mechanistic basis of 6 regulatory modes. We further examine the representative applications of these DNA-nanozyme hybrid systems in disease therapy, biomedical sensing, and environmental monitoring, and outline the key challenges and future directions toward clinical and industrial translation.