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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
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Structural Dynamics of Temperature- and Pressure-Induced Phase Transitions in Hybrid Imidazolium Lead Chlorides

Szymon Smółka1, Dawid Drozdowski1, Dagmara Stefańska1

  • 1Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław, Poland.

Inorganic Chemistry
|June 15, 2026
PubMed

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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to occupy...
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