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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

A Gut-on-a-Chip Model to Study the Gut Microbiome-Nervous System Axis
Published on: July 28, 2023
The microbiota-gut-brain axis: novel mechanisms and therapeutic frontiers in obesity and type 2 diabetes
Kaile Ma1, Qiqi Zhang1, Rui Hao1
1Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Abstract:
The microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) is a bidirectional network linking gut microbes to the CNS. This review elucidates how microbial messengers-short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, neuroactive metabolites, and extracellular vesicles-drive obesity and type 2 diabetes via neural, endocrine, and immune pathways. MGBA dysregulation triggers hypothalamic dysfunction, adipose inflammation, incretin axis impairment, and β‑cell failure. We discuss MGBA-targeted therapies and their translational challenges.
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