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Related Concept Videos

Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:

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Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
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Optical multistability in a compact microcavity enabled by near-exceptional coupling.

Zhen Liu1, Xuefan Yin1, Andrey Bogdanov2,3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronics & Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Peking University, Beijing, China.

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|June 16, 2026
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Summary

Researchers achieved optical multistability using engineered photonic crystal microcavities. This breakthrough enables compact, on-chip multilevel optical memory devices with potential for random-access memory applications.

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

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11:08

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Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Nonlinear Optics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Multistability, the existence of multiple stable states, is crucial for nonlinear complexity and optical memory.
  • Achieving optical multistability in compact footprints for on-chip applications is challenging due to weak optical nonlinearities and high thresholds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer optical multistability in a compact photonic crystal microcavity.
  • To demonstrate a proof-of-concept optical random-access memory based on controlled switching between multistable states.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered a pair of spectrally close, ultrahigh-Q resonances in a photonic crystal microcavity.
  • Introduced non-Hermitian coupling via structural perturbations and a shared radiation channel.
  • Drove resonances towards an exceptional point with nearly degenerate wavelengths and high quality factors (~10^6).

Main Results:

  • Achieved pronounced tristability from thermo-optical nonlinearity within a 20-μm-diameter footprint.
  • Observed hysteresis loops with a low input power of 240 μW.
  • Demonstrated a functional optical random-access memory prototype.

Conclusions:

  • Engineered exceptional points in photonic crystal microcavities enable compact optical multistability.
  • This approach overcomes limitations of weak nonlinearities and high thresholds for on-chip optical memory.
  • The demonstrated optical memory shows potential for advanced data storage and processing applications.