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Lewis Acids and Bases

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Lewis acid-base interaction-driven phosphodiester hydrolysis in single-atom nanozymes.

Yimeng Wang¹, Zhiling Zhu², Lina Wang¹

¹College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, China. lnwang2006@163.com.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)

|June 17, 2026

Summary

Researchers designed a single-atom nanozyme using boron-modulated electronic polarization. This novel material effectively inhibits bacterial biofilm formation by activating phosphodiester bonds through a Lewis acid-base microenvironment.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Biotechnology

Background:

Bacterial biofilms pose significant challenges in healthcare and industry.
Developing novel antimicrobial agents is crucial for combating biofilm-related infections.
Single-atom nanozymes offer unique catalytic properties for biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and synthesize a single-atom nanozyme with a tailored microenvironment.
To investigate the catalytic mechanism for phosphodiester bond activation.
To evaluate the efficacy of the nanozyme in inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation.

Main Methods:

Boron-modulated electronic polarization of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₆N₆) to create isolated Ce sites.
Characterization of the nanozyme's structure and electronic properties.
In vitro assays to assess phosphodiester bond hydrolysis and biofilm inhibition.

Main Results:

A single-atom nanozyme featuring isolated Ce sites within a Lewis acid-base microenvironment was successfully synthesized.
The nanozyme demonstrated efficient activation of phosphodiester bonds by lowering the hydrolysis energy barrier.
Significant inhibition of bacterial biofilm formation was observed.

Conclusions:

The designed single-atom nanozyme exhibits potent antibiofilm activity.
The Lewis acid-base microenvironment is key to the nanozyme's catalytic mechanism.
This study presents a promising strategy for developing advanced nano-catalysts against bacterial biofilms.