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Prevalence and risk factors associated with professional burnout in Spanish Intensive Care Units
José Manuel Gómez García1, Macarena Gálvez Herrer2, Pablo García Olivares3
1Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, International Research Project Humanizing Intensive Care (Proyecto HU-CI), Madrid, Spain.
Objective:
To determine the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome (BOS) and Burnout Process (BOP), as well as the possible factors associated with their appearance in healthcare professionals in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in Spain.
Design:
Multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study using an electronic questionnaire. Factors independently associated with BOS and BOP were determined by multiple logistic regression.
Scope:
ICU in Spain.
Patients Or Participants:
ICU healthcare professionals.
Variables Of Interest:
Prevalence of suffering Burnout Syndrome (BOS) and of developing the Burnout Process (BOP), as well as factors associated with this prevalence.
Results:
1490 participants: physicians 15% (228), nurses 62% (925) and auxiliary nurses 23% (337). Prevalence of BOS 30% (447/1490): 32% in physicians (74/232), 32% in nurses (296/925) and 25% (84/337) in auxiliary nurses. The prevalence of having BOS or BOP was 66% (984/1490): 69% in physicians (157/228), 69% in nurses (638/925) and 53% (179/337) in NA o HCA. 23% (343/1490) had only one high dimension, 22% (328/1490) two dimensions and 20% (298/1490) all three dimensions of the BOS. Younger age (OR 0.97 CI 0.95-0.99), female gender (OR 1.38 CI 1.04-1.84), being a medical or nursing professional (OR 1.46 CI 1.09-1.96), professional experience (OR 1.04 CI 1.01-1.06), working in non-surgical units (OR 1.64 CI 1.14-2.37) and higher hospital complexity (OR 1.91 CI 1.48-2.44) were associated with BOS and BOP. An unfavourable physician-to-patient ratio (>1/10) during shifts (OR 2.20, CI 1.13-4.30), and childlessness (OR 0.55, CI 0.30-0.99), were factors associated with BOS and BOP among physicians and auxiliary nurses, respectively.
Conclusions:
The prevalence of BOS and BOP among ICU healthcare professionals in Spain was high. Sociodemographic, occupational, and organizational factors were identified as significant contributors to both BOS and BOP.
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