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Related Concept Videos

Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis01:26

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis

Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
Description
Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...
Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology01:08

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance between...
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy01:30

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
Bronchoscopy
Description
Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due to...
Flail Chest-II01:26

Flail Chest-II

Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:

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International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure
05:50

International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure

Published on: March 12, 2020

Small-bore vs. large-bore chest tubes for pneumothorax: a retrospective study.

Yaxi Li1, Tingting Wen1, Yang Liu1

  • 1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.

BMC Surgery
|June 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Small-bore and large-bore chest tubes show similar efficacy for pneumothorax treatment. However, small-bore tubes may offer faster recovery in secondary spontaneous pneumothorax cases, requiring less pain medication.

Keywords:
Chest tubePneumothoraxSmall-bore drainageTreatment efficacy

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International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure
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Area of Science:

  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Pneumothorax management often involves chest tube insertion.
  • The choice between small-bore and large-bore chest tubes is debated.
  • Clinical evidence comparing these sizes for pneumothorax is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of small-bore (≤14 Fr) versus large-bore (>14 Fr) chest tubes.
  • To evaluate outcomes such as treatment success, drainage duration, and complications.
  • To assess analgesic requirements and hospital stay.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 95 patients with pneumothorax.
  • Patients grouped by initial chest tube size: small-bore (≤14 Fr) vs. large-bore (>14 Fr).
  • Comparison of efficacy, drainage time, lung re-expansion, hospital stay, complications, and analgesic use. Subgroup analysis for primary and secondary spontaneous pneumothorax.

Main Results:

  • Overall, no significant difference in treatment efficacy, drainage time, lung re-expansion, or hospital stay between small-bore and large-bore groups.
  • Large-bore group required significantly more analgesics (P=0.049).
  • In secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP), small-bore tubes showed significantly shorter drainage duration and lung re-expansion time (P=0.007).

Conclusions:

  • Small-bore and large-bore chest tubes have comparable efficacy for pneumothorax management.
  • Large-bore tubes were associated with higher analgesic requirements.
  • Small-bore tubes demonstrated potential benefits in SSP patients, with shorter drainage and re-expansion times, warranting further research.