[A practical guide to the diagnosis of complex regional pain syndrome]

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS), previously known as algodystrophy or Sudeck's disease, is a condition that occurs following trauma and affects the distal parts of the limbs. An early diagnosis is crucial for a favourable outcome. This diagnosis is based on the Budapest criteria, recently revised (Valencia Consensus). Any primary care physician (GPs or surgeons) can make the diagnosis, provided the criteria are applied rigorously and documented. Knowledge of the main differential diagnoses and identification of red flags helps avoid diagnostic delays and misdiagnosis in cases of unexplained pain. Despite the absence of biomarkers, a confirmed diagnosis can be reached through a combination of medical history, clinical examination, and judicious use of diagnostic tests.