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Exercise dose and multidimensional motor function in young people with Down syndrome: a Bayesian network
Xinxin Zhang1, Qiang Xiong2, Shiyang Weng3
1College of Physical Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
Pediatric Research
|June 18, 2026
Summary
Optimizing exercise for children with Down syndrome shows benefits for balance, motor skills, and coordination. Specific exercise doses (METs·min/week) are recommended for different outcomes to maximize improvements.
Area of Science:
- Exercise science
- Developmental pediatrics
- Biostatistics
Background:
- Children and adolescents with Down syndrome often exhibit motor impairments.
- Exercise interventions are crucial for improving motor function in this population.
- Optimal exercise dosage for specific motor outcomes remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the effects of total exercise dose on various motor outcomes in children and adolescents with Down syndrome using Bayesian network dose-response meta-analysis (MBNMA).
- To identify optimal exercise dose ranges for improving balance, stability, motor skills, functional mobility, and coordination.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) identified from major databases.
- Standardization of exercise dose as METs·min/week.
- Application of Bayesian network dose-response models (MBNMAdose package in R).
- Assessment of study quality using the PEDro scale.
Main Results:
- Significant positive dose-response relationships were found for balance, motor skills, and coordination.
- Optimal balance improvements were observed at 440 METs·min/week.
- Motor skills and coordination peaked at 750 METs·min/week.
- No significant improvements were noted for stability and functional mobility with increased exercise dose.
Conclusions:
- Exercise dose optimization for children and adolescents with Down syndrome is outcome-specific.
- Findings support goal-oriented exercise prescription with defined functional dose boundaries.
- Transparent dose reporting and standardized outcomes are crucial for rehabilitation decision-making.
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