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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test
06:59

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test

Published on: November 13, 2016

Vitamin D Levels in Captive Bonnet Macaques.

Sumedh M Shastry1

  • 1Primate Research Laboratory, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.

Journal of Medical Primatology
|June 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Indoor macaques had lower vitamin D levels than outdoor macaques. Supplementation with vitamin D significantly increased levels in deficient indoor animals, supporting bone health.

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Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).

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Area of Science:

  • Primate research
  • Nutritional science
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Vitamin D is crucial for calcium-phosphate balance, bone integrity, and immune function.
  • Deficiency can lead to poor bone mineralization.
  • Cutaneous synthesis via UVB exposure is the primary vitamin D source.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare serum vitamin D levels in indoor and outdoor bonnet macaques.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in deficient indoor macaques.

Main Methods:

  • Serum vitamin D levels were measured using LC-MS/MS in indoor (limited UVB) and outdoor (natural UVB) bonnet macaques (Macaca radiata).
  • Vitamin D-deficient indoor macaques received intramuscular supplementation (30,000 IU) on Days 0 and 14.
Keywords:
25(OH)Dbonnet macaquescaptive primateshypocalcemiaindoor housingosteomalaciasunlight exposuresupplementationvitamin D deficiency

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Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test
06:59

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test

Published on: November 13, 2016

Main Results:

  • Macaques housed indoors showed significantly lower serum vitamin D levels than those housed outdoors.
  • Vitamin D supplementation led to a significant increase in serum levels in treated indoor macaques.

Conclusions:

  • Housing conditions significantly impact vitamin D levels in bonnet macaques.
  • Intramuscular vitamin D supplementation is effective in correcting deficiency in indoor-housed macaques.