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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

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Published on: June 7, 2018

Numerical evidence for the non-Abelian eigenstate thermalization hypothesis.

Aleksander Lasek¹, Jae Dong Noh², Jade LeSchack¹

¹University of Maryland, College Park, Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST and , Maryland 20742, USA.

Physical Review. E

|June 19, 2026

Summary

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) explains quantum system thermalization. New research supports a non-Abelian ETH, demonstrating its consistency with numerical and analytical findings in quantum thermodynamics.

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Area of Science:

Quantum Physics
Condensed Matter Physics
Quantum Thermodynamics

Background:

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) describes thermalization in quantum many-body systems.
ETH implies local operators' expectation values match thermal values, irrespective of system specifics.
Non-Abelian symmetries, involving non-commuting conserved quantities, have recently gained interest in quantum thermodynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the conflict between non-Abelian symmetries and the standard ETH.
To provide numerical and analytical support for a proposed non-Abelian ETH.
To explore the implications of non-Abelian symmetries for thermalization in quantum systems.

Main Methods:

Numerical simulations of an 18-qubit one-dimensional Heisenberg chain.
Representation of local operators using matrices within an energy eigenbasis.
Analytical proof of a self-consistency property for the non-Abelian ETH using a novel thermodynamic entropy definition.

Main Results:

Numerical results align with seven predictions of the non-Abelian ETH.
Analytical proof confirms a self-consistency property of the non-Abelian ETH.
Demonstrated numerical support for the non-Abelian ETH, challenging previous assumptions.

Conclusions:

The study validates the existence and properties of the non-Abelian ETH.
This work introduces a new perspective on thermalization in systems with non-Abelian symmetries.
The findings open avenues for observing and applying the non-Abelian ETH in future research.