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We found a motility-induced pinning transition in active particle systems. Particle interactions can pin domain interfaces, preventing long-range polar order under specific conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Active Matter Systems

Background:

  • The active Ising model describes self-propelled particles with discrete symmetry.
  • Previous studies indicated a metastable polar order due to droplet excitation.
  • Understanding phase transitions in active matter is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the motility-induced pinning transition in the active Ising model.
  • To characterize the steady state and domain dynamics.
  • To identify the mechanism behind interface pinning.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive Monte Carlo simulations were employed.
  • Analysis of domain structures and interface behavior.
  • Development of an approximate analytic theory for interface dynamics.

Main Results:

  • A motility-induced pinning transition was observed.
  • Traveling local domains characterize the steady state at intermediate interaction strengths.
  • Interface pinning occurs with increasing alignment interaction, driven by particle motion across interfaces.
  • A numerical phase diagram for the pinning transition was established.

Conclusions:

  • Pinned interfaces grow macroscopically, suppressing polar order when particle diffusion is slower than self-propulsion.
  • The study identifies a novel pinning mechanism in active matter systems.
  • Further research is needed for regimes where particle diffusion dominates self-propulsion.