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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
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Defect binding-unbinding transition in active nematic membranes.

Yuki Hirota1, Nariya Uchida1

  • 1Tohoku University, Department of Physics, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Active nematic liquid crystals on deformable membranes transition from curvature to activity dominance. Director field patterns induce membrane curvature, coupling order and shape in nonequilibrium systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Non-equilibrium Systems
  • Liquid Crystals

Background:

  • Active nematic liquid crystals exhibit spontaneous orientational order.
  • Deformable membranes respond to internal and external stresses.
  • Coupling between active stress and membrane mechanics is crucial in biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the dynamics of active nematic liquid crystals on deformable membranes.
  • Explore the interplay between active stress and anisotropic curvature coupling.
  • Understand defect-mediated deformation in nonequilibrium biological membranes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a minimal model for simulations.
  • Simulated coupled evolution of nematic order parameter and membrane height.
  • Performed scaling analysis to determine critical activity thresholds.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a continuous transition from curvature-dominated to activity-dominated regimes.
  • Identified active turbulence in the activity-dominated regime.
  • Revealed that critical activity threshold scales as α²/κ.
  • Found persistent correlations between orientational patterns and membrane geometry.

Conclusions:

  • Established a physical framework for defect-mediated deformation.
  • Showcased how director field "walls" induce wave-like curvature profiles.
  • Highlighted a dynamic coupling mechanism between nematic order and membrane shape.