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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources01:13

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources

Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) relies on the Beer-Lambert law, which requires that the radiation source emits a narrow range of wavelengths to match the absorption characteristics of the analyte atom. The primary criteria for choosing an appropriate radiation source in AAS is to provide a precise and intense emission at specific wavelengths that will allow accurate detection of the analyte.
Two common narrow-range 'line' sources used in AAS are hollow-cathode lamps (HCLs) and...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Overview01:27

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is a technique used to analyze elements by measuring electromagnetic radiation (EMR) absorbed by atoms, which causes them to transition to a higher-energy orbit. The most crucial step in AAS is atomization, where the analyte is converted into gas-phase atoms, typically through a flame or furnace. Some of these atoms become thermally excited in the flame, while most remain in the ground state.
When irradiated by EMR of a particular wavelength, these...
NMR Spectrometers: Overview01:20

NMR Spectrometers: Overview

NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...

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Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
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A unified analytical framework for Mössbauer synchrotron sources.

Krzysztof R Szymański1

  • 1Faculty of Physics, University of Bialystok, K. Ciolkowskiego 1L, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland.

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
|June 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

We developed a new analytical framework for Mössbauer spectroscopy, improving the accuracy and speed of analyzing nuclear hyperfine interactions. This method enhances the determination of magnetic and electronic properties in complex materials.

Keywords:
Fisher information analysisX-ray free-electron lasershyperfine interactionsintensity tensor formalismsynchrotron Mössbauer source

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Next-generation Mössbauer spectroscopy requires advanced modeling for nuclear hyperfine interactions.
  • Synchrotron and X-ray free-electron laser facilities necessitate rapid, accurate, and polarization-aware analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a unified analytical framework for modeling nuclear hyperfine interactions.
  • To provide exact, rotationally invariant expressions for resonance energies and transition probabilities.
  • To enable efficient global fitting and modeling of hyperfine interactions in complex materials.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a unified analytical framework avoiding Hamiltonian diagonalization.
  • Expressed intensities in terms of hyperfine invariants.
  • Introduced a quantitative identifiability metric and used Monte Carlo sampling.

Main Results:

  • Achieved exact, rotationally invariant expressions for simultaneous magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole interactions.
  • Demonstrated efficient global fitting and modeling of hyperfine interaction distributions.
  • Showed that polarization control significantly improves hyperfine parameter determination.

Conclusions:

  • The presented framework offers a mathematically transparent and computationally efficient toolset for modern Mössbauer spectroscopy.
  • Accelerates studies of iron-based compounds and magnetic/electronic/structural order.
  • Applicable to extreme conditions and nanoscale geometries.