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Related Concept Videos

Design Example01:23

Design Example

The innovation of touch-tone telephony revolutionized the telecommunications industry by replacing the traditional rotary dial with a dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling system. This system uses a matrix-style keypad with buttons arranged in four rows and three columns, creating 12 distinct signals each assigned to a pair of frequencies. Each button press results in a simultaneous generation of two sinusoidal tones – one from a low-frequency group (697 to 941 Hz) and one from a...
Sensory Modalities01:15

Sensory Modalities

Sensation typically is the process by which the sensory receptors and sense organs detect stimuli from the internal and external environment and transmit this information to the central nervous system for processing.
General senses refer to the broad category of sensory information detected by receptors in the body and can be further grouped into somatic and visceral senses. Somatic sensations include touch, pressure, temperature, and pain and are essential for navigating our environment and...
Barriers to Effective Communication II01:21

Barriers to Effective Communication II

The barriers to effective communication also include cultural barriers, semantic barriers, gender barriers, and time constraints.
Cultural barriers:
Differences in values, beliefs, religion, knowledge, and tradition can significantly impact communication. Awareness of nonverbal cues is critical, especially when conversing with a patient from a different culture. What appears appropriate in one culture may be inappropriate in another.
Semantic barriers:
As a result of their tendency to use...
Design Example: Resistive Touchscreen01:14

Design Example: Resistive Touchscreen

A device engineer plays a crucial role in designing user interfaces for mobile devices. One such interface is the resistive touchscreen, which fundamentally consists of two metallic layers: a flexible upper layer and a rigid lower layer, separated by a narrow gap. The high resistance between these two layers is a key characteristic of this design.
When a user touches the screen, the two layers make contact at a specific point known as the touchpoint. This contact reduces the resistance between...
Contact-dependent Signaling01:19

Contact-dependent Signaling

Contact-dependent signaling, as the name suggests, requires that communicating cells be in direct contact with each other. This is achieved either through receptor-ligand interactions or by specialized cytoplasmic channels that allow the flow of small molecules between cells. In animal cells, channels called gap junctions facilitate contact-dependent signaling in certain tissues, whereas, plasmodesmata perform a similar function in plants.
Gap Junctions
In animal cells, gap junctions are formed...
Taste Buds and Receptors01:20

Taste Buds and Receptors

Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Development of an Audio-based Virtual Gaming Environment to Assist with Navigation Skills in the Blind
09:01

Development of an Audio-based Virtual Gaming Environment to Assist with Navigation Skills in the Blind

Published on: March 27, 2013

Developing web application for deaf users: ordering street food.

Nunnarin Ittisantisuk1, Watthanan Jatuviriyapornchai2, Sirintra Rittidech3

  • 1Department of Student Affairs, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand.

Disability and Rehabilitation. Assistive Technology
|June 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new visual-first app helps Deaf sign language users order street food. This multimodal application improves communication accessibility in everyday service interactions.

Keywords:
Assistive technologydeaf usersmultimodal interfacestreet-food orderinguser-centered design

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Area of Science:

  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Accessibility Research
  • Assistive Technology

Background:

  • Deaf individuals using sign language (SL) face communication barriers in spoken/written language environments.
  • Street-food ordering presents unique challenges due to the need for rapid, precise communication.
  • This study addresses these barriers by developing a specialized web application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a visual-first, multimodal web application for street-food ordering tailored to Deaf users.
  • To enhance communication accessibility and user experience in service interactions.
  • To explore the effectiveness of integrated visual and auditory elements in a practical application.

Main Methods:

  • Iterative User-Centered Design (UCD) process with expert review and pilot testing.
  • Usability evaluation with 60 Deaf participants using quantitative and qualitative data.
  • Integration of food images, structured menus, SL videos, text, and audio output.

Main Results:

  • High participant agreement on accessibility, visual clarity, and SL content comprehension.
  • Structured menus, images, SL videos, and audio output were perceived as helpful.
  • Identified challenges in learnability, button operation, interaction flow, and interface complexity.

Conclusions:

  • Visual-first, multimodal interfaces can enhance communication efficiency for Deaf users in service settings.
  • Deaf-informed, culturally grounded design is crucial for developing effective assistive technologies.
  • Iterative UCD processes are vital for identifying usability benefits and design trade-offs in accessible technology development.