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Related Concept Videos

Classification of Illness01:17

Classification of Illness

The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe and...
Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy01:26

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy

This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
Radionuclide Testing
Radionuclide testing is a sophisticated medical technique for assessing gastrointestinal motility. It focuses on gastric emptying and colonic transit time. Radioactive markers track the movement of food through the digestive system, providing insights into gastrointestinal disorders.
In gastric emptying studies, a meal's liquid and solid...
Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders

Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Overview01:22

Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Overview

Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of cell layers formed. Cell shapes can be squamous (flattened and thin), cuboidal (square-like, as wide as it is tall), or columnar (rectangular, taller than it is wide). Additionally, the nucleus shape helps identify the type of epithelial cells. Squamous cells have flattened disc-shaped nuclei, cuboidal cells have spherical nuclei, and columnar cells have elongated nuclei.
Based on the number of cell layers,...
Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System II: Health Perception Pattern01:29

Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System II: Health Perception Pattern

Assessing the gastrointestinal (GI) system is a complex process that begins with collecting subjective data. This data, collected through patient interviews, provides crucial insights into the patient's health history, perception patterns, and lifestyle habits, all contributing significantly to GI health.
Health Perception Patterns
Health perception patterns offer valuable insights into a patient's lifestyle habits and how they may impact their GI health. These patterns include:
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the colonic...

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Related Experiment Videos

An Attention-Enhanced ViT-HLNN Hybrid Ensemble Framework for Multi-Class Gastrointestinal Disease Classification.

Abdullah1,2, Muhammad Ateeb Ather1,2, Zulaikha Fatima3

  • 1Center for Computing Research, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Juan de Dios Batiz, s/n, 07320, Mexico City, Mexico.

Scientific Reports
|June 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A new hybrid deep learning model combines Vision Transformer and Hierarchical Long-Short-Term-Memory Neural Network for accurate gastrointestinal disease classification from endoscopic images. This advanced framework achieves over 99% accuracy, improving early diagnosis and patient care.

Keywords:
Decision-support systemsEndoscopic imagingExplainable AIGastrointestinal disease classificationHybrid ensemble learningVision transformer

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal diseases present diagnostic challenges due to subtle visual patterns in endoscopic images.
  • Accurate and scalable diagnostic tools are crucial for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a hybrid deep learning framework for precise multi-class classification of gastrointestinal diseases.
  • To enhance diagnostic accuracy and robustness in endoscopic image analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of a Vision Transformer (ViT) with a Hierarchical Long-Short-Term-Memory Neural Network (HLNN).
  • Ensemble learning strategies (Bagging and Stacking) were employed to further improve performance.
  • Model trained and validated on the Kvasir-v2 dataset (over 8000 images, 8 classes).

Main Results:

  • Achieved up to 99.99% accuracy on the test set and 99.96% mean accuracy across tenfold cross-validation.
  • Macro F1-scores exceeded 0.999, with Cohen's kappa of 0.994, indicating excellent diagnostic agreement.
  • Demonstrated superior performance compared to established deep learning models and robustness under various image perturbations.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed hybrid deep learning framework offers a highly accurate and robust solution for gastrointestinal disease classification.
  • The model's interpretability, validated through Grad-CAM, supports its clinical applicability.
  • This approach holds significant potential for advancing early detection and management of GI conditions.