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Related Concept Videos

General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview01:28

Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview

Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
Cardiac Catheterization IV: Nursing Management01:26

Cardiac Catheterization IV: Nursing Management

Nursing responsibilities before cardiac catheterization include:Assess for allergies and establish baseline health status.Before cardiac catheterization, assess the patient for allergies to contrast dye. Perform a comprehensive baseline assessment, including vital signs, heart and breath sounds, and a neurovascular assessment of the extremities, noting distal pulses, skin color, and temperature. Instruct the patient to fast for 8-12 hours before the procedure. Evaluate baseline laboratory...
Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization01:21

Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization

Right Heart Catheterization: An OverviewRight heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure that measures right-sided cardiac and pulmonary artery pressures, calculates cardiac output, and identifies intracardiac shunts. It provides detailed hemodynamic data essential for diagnosing and managing various cardiovascular conditions, such as pulmonary hypertension.Access SitesCommon access sites for right heart catheterization include the internal jugular vein in the neck region, the...
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation III: AED Use01:23

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation III: AED Use

Introduction to AEDAn Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is a portable medical device that analyzes the heart's rhythm and, if necessary, delivers an electrical shock to help the heart re-establish an effective rhythm during sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). SCA occurs when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating, leading to a loss of blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. In such emergencies, time is of the essence, and using an AED, combined with Cardiopulmonary...
Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization01:24

Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization

Left heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the function and structure of the left side of the heart. It is generally performed to diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions such as valve abnormalities, coronary artery disease, and congenital heart defects.Diagnostic and therapeutic purposesLeft heart catheterization serves various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Assessing coronary artery bypass grafts.Evaluating coronary artery disease in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

A New Single Chamber Implantable Defibrillator with Atrial Sensing: A Practical Demonstration of Sensing and Ease of Implantation
16:40

A New Single Chamber Implantable Defibrillator with Atrial Sensing: A Practical Demonstration of Sensing and Ease of Implantation

Published on: February 28, 2012

First Experience With Extravascular Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Under Deep Sedation.

Nibras Soubh1,2, Bernhard C Danner2,3, Ulrich Krause2,4

  • 1Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany.

Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE
|June 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Deep sedation with noninvasive ventilation (DS-NIV) is a safe and feasible alternative for Extravascular Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (EV-ICD) implantation, improving workflow efficiency compared to general anesthesia (GA). This approach may increase access to EV-ICD therapy.

Keywords:
Deep sedationEV‐ICDExtravascular ICDGeneral anesthesiaNoninvasive ventilationSubsternal lead

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

A New Single Chamber Implantable Defibrillator with Atrial Sensing: A Practical Demonstration of Sensing and Ease of Implantation
16:40

A New Single Chamber Implantable Defibrillator with Atrial Sensing: A Practical Demonstration of Sensing and Ease of Implantation

Published on: February 28, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Anesthesiology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • The Extravascular Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (EV-ICD) offers defibrillation and anti-tachycardia pacing (ATP) while avoiding transvenous lead complications.
  • Current EV-ICD implantation protocols often recommend general anesthesia (GA), which carries risks and resource implications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and procedural efficiency of EV-ICD implantation under cardiologist-administered deep sedation with noninvasive ventilation (DS-NIV).
  • To compare DS-NIV with standard GA for EV-ICD procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 24 consecutive EV-ICD implantations.
  • Patients received either GA (n=14) or DS-NIV (n=10) using a propofol-ketamine protocol managed by cardiologists.
  • Assessment of peri-procedural safety, workflow, anesthesia characteristics, and early device performance.

Main Results:

  • No anesthesia-related complications were observed in either group.
  • The DS-NIV group showed significantly shorter wheels-to-incision times (45 vs. 70 min, p=0.022) and required fewer vasopressors (60% vs. 100%, p=0.024).
  • Procedural duration, defibrillation testing success, and electrical parameters were comparable between groups; no inappropriate therapies were delivered during follow-up.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiologist-administered DS-NIV is a feasible and safe anesthesia option for EV-ICD implantation.
  • DS-NIV offers improved workflow efficiency compared to GA, supporting its use in experienced centers.
  • This approach may enhance accessibility to EV-ICD therapy.