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Serum inflammatory and metabolic signatures accelerate precocious puberty in obese children
Li Wang1, Heqiu Yan1, Jun Liu1
1Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, the Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
Insights
Obesity exacerbates precocious puberty by worsening metabolic and inflammatory markers. Integrated assessment of hormonal, metabolic, and inflammatory factors is crucial for managing pubertal disorders in obese children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Metabolic Disorders
- Inflammatory Diseases
Background:
- Precocious puberty and obesity are significant pediatric health concerns.
- The interplay between metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory factors in these conditions is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory profiles in children with obesity, central precocious puberty (CPP), and obesity with precocious puberty (OPP).
- To investigate the predictive value of biomarkers for precocious puberty in obese children.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 417 children across four groups: Control, Obesity, CPP, and OPP.
- Analysis of anthropometric, hormonal, metabolic, and inflammatory indicators.
- Statistical comparisons using ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis tests, ROC curve analysis, and Spearman correlation.
Main Results:
- Both CPP and OPP groups showed bone age advancement and elevated LH, FSH, and IGF-1 compared to controls.
- IGF-1 demonstrated high predictive value (AUC=0.810) for precocious puberty in obese children.
- Obesity and OPP groups had higher triglycerides, liver enzymes (GGT, ALT), and inflammatory indices (NLR, WBC) than the CPP group. OPP correlated positively with LH, FSH, TC, NLR, and IGF-1.
Conclusions:
- Obesity-associated precocious puberty involves concurrent hormonal, metabolic, and inflammatory dysregulations.
- Obesity exacerbates metabolic and inflammatory profiles in precocious puberty.
- Integrated assessment of endocrine, metabolic, and inflammatory markers is essential for managing pubertal disorders in obese children.
Background:
This study aimed to characterize the interplay of metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory factors in precocious puberty and obesity.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study enrolled 417 children were included Control (n = 97), Obesity (n = 102), Central Precocious Puberty (CPP, n = 103), and obesity with precocious puberty group (OPP, n = 115) groups. Basic anthropometric, hormonal, metabolic, and inflammatory indicators were analyzed. Group comparisons were performed using ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis tests. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to assess biomarkers for predicting precocious puberty in obese children, and Spearman correlation evaluated biomarker relationships.
Results:
Bone age advancement and elevated levels of LH, FSH, and IGF-1 were observed in both the CPP and OPP group compared to the Controls. ROC curve indicated that IGF-1 had high predictive value (AUC = 0.810) for precocious puberty in obese children. The Obesity and OPP groups exhibited significantly elevated triglycerides, liver enzymes (GGT, ALT), and inflammatory indices (NLR, WBC) relative to the CPP group. OPP correlated positively with LH, FSH, TC, NLR, and IGF-1.
Conclusion:
Obesity-associated precocious puberty involves concurrent elevations in hormonal, metabolic, and inflammatory biomarkers. Clinical management of pubertal disorders in children with obesity should incorporate integrated assessment of inflammatory and metabolic dysregulation alongside endocrine markers.
Impact:
It provides comparative evidence that the obesity-associated precocious puberty exhibits a more severe metabolic and inflammatory profile than the Central Precocious Puberty without obesity, suggesting obesity exacerbates these dysregulations alongside puberty timing. The findings strongly argue that clinical management of precocious puberty in obese children requires an integrated approach, assessing not just hormonal markers but also metabolic health and inflammation for comprehensive evaluation. It underscores the complex interplay and potential shared mechanisms between metabolic dysfunction, inflammation, and the hormonal activation of puberty, emphasizing the need for future research to investigate these interconnected pathways in pediatric endocrine disorders.
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