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Published on: October 6, 2020
Scalable Manufacturing of Amino Acid-Based Piezoelectric Biocrystal Films
Shuting Wang1, Bijay Dhungana2, Anirudh Reddy Bendaram3
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|June 22, 2026
Summary
Continuous manufacturing of glycine piezoelectric biocrystal films is now feasible. This polymer-directed crystallization method enables large-scale production of biocompatible piezoelectric devices for high-throughput applications.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Biotechnology
- Crystallography
Background:
- Glycine is a biocompatible piezoelectric crystal with potential for device applications.
- Previous methods limited large-scale glycine film production.
- Polymer-directed crystallization offers a pathway for continuous manufacturing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a continuous manufacturing process for glycine-PVA piezoelectric biocrystal thin films.
- To adapt commercial polymer manufacturing apparatus for glycine crystallization.
- To demonstrate high-throughput fabrication of piezoelectric devices.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a commercial polymer manufacturing apparatus with a uniform sandwiched microstructure.
- Tuned feeding rate and solvent evaporation dynamics to maintain a stable crystallization front.
- Employed polymer-directed crystallization in an aqueous environment.
Main Results:
- Achieved continuous growth of glycine-PVA films over tens of centimeters.
- Films exhibited uniform thickness, grain size, and piezoelectric coefficient.
- Successfully fabricated 56 piezoelectric nanogenerator devices on a single large-scale film.
Conclusions:
- Established an industrially viable strategy for large-scale manufacturing of piezoelectric biocrystal films.
- Demonstrated the feasibility of high-throughput production of biocompatible piezoelectric devices.
- The developed method supports mass production of glycine-based piezoelectric materials.

