Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
11:22

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

Microbiota and mycobiota in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: clinical and pathophysiological

Szymon Andrusiów1, Anita Brzoza2, Piotr Łacina3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University Centre of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
|June 22, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

This study found increased gut bacteria diversity in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP) patients, correlating with disease severity and nerve damage. Microbiome and fungal alterations were observed, offering potential new biomarkers for CIDP.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Microbiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is an immune-mediated neuropathy with unknown triggers and no validated biomarkers.
  • Investigating the gut microbiome and its relationship with immune responses is crucial for understanding CIDP pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate associations between bacterial and fungal communities, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and IL18 promoter variation in CIDP patients.
  • To correlate these factors with clinical and electrophysiological measures of disease severity.

Main Methods:

  • 32 treatment-naive CIDP patients and 15 healthy controls were enrolled.
  • Stool, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were analyzed for microbiota, mycobiota, and SCFAs.
  • IL18 promoter variants were genotyped, and disability was assessed using clinical scales and nerve conduction studies (NCS).

Main Results:

  • CIDP patients exhibited increased fecal bacterial alpha diversity and significant beta diversity shifts compared to controls.
  • Higher fecal bacterial diversity correlated with greater NCS abnormalities.
  • Specific bacterial taxa were enriched or depleted in CIDP, and SCFA concentrations correlated with bacterial diversity.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms increased gut microbiome alpha diversity in CIDP patients.
  • Significant alterations in gut microbiota and mycobiota are associated with CIDP and correlate with clinical and electrophysiological parameters.
Keywords:
IL18 polymorphismschronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP)gut microbiotagut mycobiotashort chain fatty acids (SCFAs)

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