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Published on: December 16, 2013
Ultrasonic-Assisted Silanization of SiO2 Using TMSPM: Surface Functionalization, Hydrophobicity Enhancement, and
Warlinda Eka Triastuti1, Sumarno1, Suprapto2
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia.
ACS Omega
|June 22, 2026
Summary
Ultrasonic-assisted silanization enhances silica nanoparticle functionalization. A 10% concentration of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-propyl methacrylate (TMSPM) yielded optimal hydrophobic silica fillers with improved grafting.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Surface Chemistry
Background:
- Traditional silanization of silica nanoparticles (SiO 2 nanoparticles) can suffer from non-uniform grafting.
- Ultrasonication offers a potential method to improve interfacial contact and accelerate functionalization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the structural and chemical modifications of SiO 2 nanoparticles during ultrasonic-assisted silanization.
- To determine the optimal concentration of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-propyl methacrylate (TMSPM) for effective silanization.
- To evaluate the impact of ultrasonication on grafting density, particle size, and surface properties.
Main Methods:
- Silanization of SiO 2 nanoparticles using varying concentrations of TMSPM under ultrasonic irradiation.
- Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to confirm chemical bonding.
- Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to quantify elemental composition and grafting density.
- Water contact angle measurements to assess surface hydrophobicity.
- X-ray diffraction (XRD) to analyze structural changes.
Main Results:
- FTIR confirmed successful TMSPM grafting via Si-O-Si and methacrylate carbonyl group signals.
- EDS analysis showed a 31% increase in carbon content at 10% TMSPM, indicating high grafting density.
- Water contact angle reached a maximum of 128°, signifying a shift to hydrophobic behavior.
- XRD revealed preservation of the amorphous SiO 2 structure with subtle alterations in short-range order.
Conclusions:
- Ultrasonic-assisted silanization is an effective method for rapid and uniform functionalization of SiO 2 nanoparticles.
- 10% TMSPM concentration provides optimal results for creating hydrophobic silica fillers.
- The method enhances interfacial properties, leading to high-quality silanized silica suitable for various applications.
