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Related Concept Videos

Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
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The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
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Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can have a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Confidence in naturalistic decision making.

Medha Shekhar1,2, Axel Cleeremans2, Dobromir Rahnev1

  • 1School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 654 Cherry Str NW, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States.

Neuroscience of Consciousness
|June 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Complex real-world factors like emotions and prior context influence confidence in perceptual decisions. These factors selectively impact confidence, not always accuracy, revealing metacognitive inefficiencies.

Keywords:
confidencenaturalistic stimuliperceptual decision makingvisual metacognition

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

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Published on: June 12, 2020

A Naturalistic Setup for Presenting Real People and Live Actions in Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Studies
07:43

A Naturalistic Setup for Presenting Real People and Live Actions in Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Studies

Published on: August 4, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Metacognition
  • Decision science

Background:

  • Perceptual decision-making research traditionally uses simple stimuli.
  • Real-world factors influencing confidence judgments remain under-explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate how complex, naturalistic factors affect confidence in perceptual decisions.
  • Examine the impact of affect, prior information, and heuristic cues on confidence and accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel task using video clips for perceptual decision-making.
  • Manipulated variables: valence, arousal, contextual information (prior clips, chronology), and group size.
  • Collected participant responses and confidence ratings (0-100 scale).

Main Results:

  • Arousal showed a U-shaped effect on accuracy and an inverted-U-shape on confidence.
  • Group size, event chronology, and prior clip count influenced confidence, not accuracy.
  • A second experiment confirmed most effects, with event chronology differing.

Conclusions:

  • Affective states, prior information, and heuristic cues selectively influence confidence in naturalistic settings.
  • Decision-making and confidence processing differ in their incorporation of information.
  • Findings suggest sources of metacognitive inefficiency in confidence judgments.