Relationship between body image and sexual function in peri and postmenopausal women: A systematic review

Menopause is a natural period in women's lives that can significantly affect sexual function and body image under the influence of physical, hormonal, and psychological factors. Dissatisfaction with body image may cause poor sexual function. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between body image and sexual function in peri and postmenopausal women. The present systematic review is based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched until July 2024 in the English language. All observational studies that evaluated the relationship between body image and sexual function in peri and postmenopausal women were included in this review. The outcome measure was the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and all body image questionnaires. Data extraction was performed in a pre-defined checklist by two independent researchers. Quality assessment was performed using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist. From a total of 487 studies found through the search databases, six studies published were selected. The review of articles highlights the relationship between sexual function and body image, noting depending on the demographic factors. Poorer body image in menopausal women leads to reduced sexual function. The physiological changes associated with menopause can contribute to body image dissatisfaction, consequently impacting sexual function negatively. The intricate relationship between body image and sexual function in menopausal women emphasizes the necessity for health initiatives targeting body image issues. Improving body image through supportive measures can enhance sexual function and overall quality of life for menopausal women.