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Organic polymer-based monoliths: structural design and integration into microreactors and flow analytical systems.

Tomonari Umemura¹, Takuho Kishi², Kazuhiro Morioka³

¹School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan. tumemura@toyaku.ac.jp.

Analytical Sciences : the International Journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry

|June 22, 2026

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This summary is machine-generated.

Monolithic column technology, initially key for analytical chemistry, evolved with chromatography advances. Now, its unique properties drive new applications in biopharmaceutical purification and beyond.

Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Separation Science
Materials Science

Background:

Monolithic column technology emerged 30 years ago alongside micro-total analysis systems (µTAS) and lab-on-a-chip devices.
Initially recognized for rapid, sensitive analysis of small samples, monoliths offered high permeability and low back pressure, ideal for post-genomic omics research.
Advances in ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and core-shell particles reduced monoliths' advantages in standard high-throughput applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive review of monolithic column technology's three-decade evolution.
To highlight the historical context, current applications, and emerging roles of monoliths.
To place the development of monoliths within the broader landscape of analytical technology advancements.

Keywords:

Biopharmaceutical purification Methacrylate-based monolith Microreactor Monolithic column UHPLC

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Main Methods:

Review of historical developments in monolithic column technology.
Analysis of current applications in analytical and preparative sciences.
Discussion of emerging roles and future potential.

Main Results:

Monolithic columns, despite competition from UHPLC and core-shell particles, retain value due to ease of fabrication, flow properties, and moldability.
Applications have expanded beyond analytical separations into biopharmaceutical purification, solid-phase extraction, and immobilized catalytic systems.
Monoliths are increasingly integrated into micro- and nanoscale devices.

Conclusions:

Monolithic column technology has demonstrated a remarkable three-decade evolution, adapting to and influencing analytical and preparative sciences.
Its unique structural and flow properties continue to offer distinct advantages, leading to expanded applications.
Monoliths remain a relevant and evolving technology, particularly in specialized areas and integrated systems.