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Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Neuropathy01:22

Diabetic Neuropathy

DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
Diabetic Foot Ulcer01:31

Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Definition A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic, non-healing wound that develops in individuals with diabetes. It typically occurs on pressure-bearing areas such as the heel, metatarsal heads, or hallux, and carries a high risk of infection and amputation.Pathophysiology • The development of DFUs can be explained by four interconnected mechanisms: neuropathy, ischemia, infection, and impaired wound healing. • Neuropathy is the most common factor. Sensory neuropathy reduces pain perception,...
Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus01:22

Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency, resistance, or both. Prolonged hyperglycemia disrupts metabolic homeostasis and leads to acute and chronic complications.Acute ComplicationsAcute complications result from sudden metabolic imbalance.Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) mainly appears in type 1 diabetes but may also develop in type 2 diabetes, particularly under extreme stress. It arises from severe insulin deficiency,...
Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...

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Updated: Jun 24, 2026

A Protocol for Constructing a Rat Wound Model of Type 1 Diabetes
05:18

A Protocol for Constructing a Rat Wound Model of Type 1 Diabetes

Published on: February 17, 2023

Diabetic myonecrosis.

Tim Burbach1, Clay W Walker

  • 1Tim Burbach practices psychiatry at Ascend Healthcare in Phoenix, AZ. Clay W. Walker is an assistant professor of PA studies and director of didactic education in the PA program at A.T. Still University in Mesa, AZ, and is an assistant professor of family medicine at Mayo Clinic in Phoenix, AZ. C. Walker discloses service as an external clinical expert on the GlaxoSmithKline UTI Consultancy Panel. The authors have disclosed no other potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

JAAPA : Official Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants
|June 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diabetic myonecrosis, a rare complication of uncontrolled diabetes, presents as sudden leg pain and swelling. Early recognition is key for timely diagnosis and management of this condition.

Keywords:
diabetes mellitusdiabetic amyotrophydiabetic muscle infarctionglycemic controlmyositisswelling

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

A Protocol for Constructing a Rat Wound Model of Type 1 Diabetes
05:18

A Protocol for Constructing a Rat Wound Model of Type 1 Diabetes

Published on: February 17, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Musculoskeletal Medicine

Background:

  • Diabetic myonecrosis (DM) is a rare complication of diabetes mellitus.
  • It typically affects patients with chronic, poorly controlled diabetes and other diabetic complications.
  • DM presents with acute onset of pain and swelling, usually in a unilateral lower extremity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a case of diabetic myonecrosis.
  • To highlight the importance of recognizing DM symptoms in patients with diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a patient with type 2 diabetes.
  • Clinical presentation of persistent thigh pain and swelling.
  • Diagnostic confirmation through advanced imaging (MRI) and potentially muscle biopsy.

Main Results:

  • The patient was diagnosed with diabetic myonecrosis.
  • The diagnosis was confirmed after experiencing persistent left thigh pain and swelling.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetic myonecrosis requires a high index of suspicion for diagnosis.
  • Prompt recognition of symptoms in diabetic patients is crucial for appropriate management.