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Reconnecting Minds to the World: Patient Perspectives on Brain-Computer Interface After High Cervical Spinal Cord
Youho Myong1,2,3,4, Eunkyung Kim1,3, Gain Shin1,5
1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine
|June 23, 2026
Summary
Individuals with high cervical spinal cord injury (C-SCI) see brain-computer interfaces (BCI) as key to digital independence and autonomy. User-centered design is crucial for developing effective assistive neurotechnology for rehabilitation.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Rehabilitation Medicine
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- High cervical spinal cord injury (C-SCI) significantly impacts independence and daily living.
- Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology offers potential for restoring function and enhancing autonomy.
- Understanding user perspectives is vital for developing effective assistive technologies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the expectations, concerns, and desired applications of BCI among individuals with high C-SCI.
- To gather insights into how BCI could enhance digital accessibility, physical activity, and social participation.
- To inform user-centered design principles for neurotechnology in rehabilitation.
Main Methods:
- A structured focus group interview was conducted with four individuals with chronic high C-SCI (neurological level C4 or above).
- Pre- and post-interview questionnaires assessed BCI expectations, concerns, and acceptance.
- Qualitative data were analyzed inductively to identify key themes, facilitated by rehabilitation and biomedical engineering experts.
Main Results:
- Five major themes emerged: digital accessibility, offline physical activity, social interactions, usability, and acceptance.
- Participants expressed strong interest in BCI for digital independence (messaging, online banking, smart home control) and daily autonomy.
- Concerns included surgical safety, device maintenance, and reliability, though willingness for invasive procedures increased post-discussion.
Conclusions:
- BCI is perceived as a promising tool for enhancing independence, participation, and autonomy in individuals with high C-SCI.
- User-centered design, guided by lived experiences, is essential for developing assistive neurotechnology.
- Structured discussions can shape realistic expectations and increase acceptance of BCI technology in rehabilitation research.
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