Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners

Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners

Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids

Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...

Analgesia and Pain Management

Analgesia and Pain Management

Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...

Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response

Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response

Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
The time of drug administration is an important factor to consider, as it can influence the toxic dose of a drug. For example, a study conducted by Prins et al. in 1997 examined the effects of the timing of...

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions

Intermittent intravenous (IV) infusion is a method of drug administration where medications are delivered over short infusion periods followed by intervals of no drug delivery. This approach helps to prevent sustained high drug concentrations in the bloodstream, reducing the risk of adverse effects associated with prolonged exposure. Unlike continuous infusion, steady-state concentrations may not be achieved during a single dosing cycle but can be reached through repeated...

General Anesthesia: Overview

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Epigenetic Alterations in Perioperative Anaphylaxis Among Chinese Patients: A Case-Control Study Protocol.

Health science reports·2025

Same author

Towards a comprehensive and efficient assessment of regional anaesthesia competency.

Anaesthesia·2025

Same author

IoC2 monitoring versus standard practice in reducing opioid consumption in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

BMJ open·2025

Same author

Evaluation of the passive mast cell activation test for identifying allergens in perioperative anaphylaxis: a study protocol for a prospective diagnostic accuracy study.

BMJ open·2024

Same author

Management of Suspected Life-Threatening Perioperative Anaphylaxis and Risk Factors for Near-Fatal and Fatal Outcomes: A Retrospective Study in China.

Therapeutics and clinical risk management·2023

Same author

Differential gene expression profiles of DNA repair genes in esophageal cancer cells after X-ray irradiation.

Chinese journal of cancer·2010

Search research articles

Related Experiment Videos

Diurnal Variation in Intraoperative Opioid Requirements: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Zhe Li¹, Xiaoying Gu², Huamei Cai¹

¹Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Journal of Pain Research

|June 23, 2026

Summary

Morning surgeries require higher intraoperative opioid doses compared to afternoon procedures. This suggests circadian rhythms may influence patient responses to anesthesia and pain management during surgery.

Keywords:

circadian influences diurnal variation intraoperative opioid use sufentanil surgical pleth index

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

Anesthesiology
Chronobiology
Pain Management

Background:

Circadian rhythms impact pain perception and drug metabolism.
The effect of circadian rhythms on intraoperative opioid needs is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between surgery timing and intraoperative opioid consumption.
To explore the influence of circadian rhythms on anesthetic requirements.

Main Methods:

A cohort study of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia.
Patients were grouped into morning or afternoon surgery times.
Anesthesia maintained with sevoflurane, sedation monitored by BIS, and analgesia guided by SPI with sufentanil titration.

Main Results:

The morning group required significantly higher total and normalized sufentanil doses compared to the afternoon group.
Elevated cortisol and ACTH levels were observed in the morning group throughout the study.
Higher plasma sufentanil concentrations were found in the morning group at multiple time points.

Conclusions:

Morning surgery is linked to increased intraoperative opioid requirements.
Findings suggest a potential time-of-day effect on intraoperative opioid needs.
Circadian neuroendocrine variations may explain the observed differences in opioid consumption.