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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
Cerebral Hemispheres01:05

Cerebral Hemispheres

The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
12:21

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

Functional Brain Asymmetry Reveals Heterogeneous Subtypes in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Chae Yeon Kim1,2, Sunghun Kim1,2, Bo-Yong Park1,3

  • 1Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research
|June 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified three autism spectrum disorder (ASD) subtypes based on brain asymmetry. These subtypes show distinct patterns of brain connectivity and cognitive profiles, offering new insights into ASD heterogeneity.

Keywords:
autism spectrum disorderclusteringfunctional connectivityheterogeneityinter‐hemispheric asymmetry

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08:29

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by significant heterogeneity in brain and behavioral variability.
  • Atypical communication and social interaction in ASD are linked to brain lateralization, highlighting the importance of interhemispheric differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate heterogeneity in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by analyzing brain functional asymmetry.
  • To identify distinct subtypes within the ASD population based on hemispheric differences in brain function.

Main Methods:

  • Computed degree centrality from functional connectivity matrices to quantify brain asymmetry.
  • Applied an unsupervised clustering algorithm to identify subtypes based on brain asymmetry patterns.
  • Analyzed functional connectivity and performed cognitive decoding for each identified subtype.

Main Results:

  • Identified three distinct ASD subtypes with significant differences in brain asymmetry across somatomotor, frontoparietal, and default mode networks.
  • Subtype 2 showed atypical asymmetry and higher clinical severity, linked to impaired regulatory and executive functions.
  • Subtype 1 (rightward asymmetry) exhibited hypoconnectivity, while Subtype 3 (leftward asymmetry) showed hyperconnectivity, with distinct cognitive profiles.

Conclusions:

  • Brain asymmetry provides a framework for understanding functional heterogeneity in autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
  • The identified subtypes offer a promising approach for elucidating topological and behavioral variability within the ASD population.
  • These findings advance the understanding of neurobiological underpinnings of ASD heterogeneity.