Anemia and Cardiometabolic Risk in Indian University Students: Findings from a Health Screening Program.

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Cardiovascular Health
• Nutritional Science

Background:

• Early adulthood is a critical period for the manifestation of nutritional and metabolic risks.
• College students, often perceived as low-risk, may harbor significant health concerns.
• University health screenings are vital for identifying prevalent health issues in this demographic.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the prevalence of anemia, high blood pressure, and body mass index (BMI) in Indian college students.
• To identify gender-based differences in these health indicators.
• To explore the association between anemia and hypertension in the student population.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of anonymized health records for 13,628 college students (ages 18-30).
• Classification of BMI, blood pressure, and hemoglobin levels using international standards.
• Statistical analysis including chi-square tests, Cramer's V, Pearson correlations, and multiple logistic regression.

Main Results:

• 47.3% of students were overweight or obese.
• 59.3% met criteria for high blood pressure (ACC/AHA guidelines).
• 53.0% met WHO guidelines for anemia; higher prevalence of hypertension screening in males.

Conclusions:

• University students exhibit a high prevalence of undiagnosed anemia and cardiometabolic risks.
• Systematic health screening programs and follow-ups are crucial for health-promoting universities.
• Early identification and management of these risks are essential for long-term student health.