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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Environmental DNA Sampling from Whale-Watching Vessels for Cetacean Monitoring
08:07

Environmental DNA Sampling from Whale-Watching Vessels for Cetacean Monitoring

Published on: April 10, 2026

Detecting silent whales using seabed fiber-optic cables.

Robin André Rørstadbotnen1,2, Martin Landrø1,2

  • 1Acoustics Group, Department of Electronic Systems, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7034, Norway.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|June 23, 2026
PubMed
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New sensing methods using distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) can detect silent whales by analyzing hydrodynamic signals. This breakthrough enables simultaneous monitoring of multiple whales, including endangered species, without relying on vocalizations.

Area of Science:

  • Marine biology
  • Ocean acoustics
  • Sensor technology

Background:

  • Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) for whales relies on vocalizations, limiting detection of silent individuals.
  • Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is a powerful tool for whale monitoring, but primarily for vocalizations.
  • There is a need for novel sensing methods to detect silent whales.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detect silent whales using hydrodynamic pressure and velocity fields from low-frequency DAS data.
  • To develop and calibrate methods for analyzing these hydrodynamic signals.
  • To enable non-vocalization-based monitoring of whales.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized ships as proxies to demonstrate and calibrate the detection method.
  • Adapted a fluid mechanical model to interpret whale swimming signals in DAS data.
Keywords:
Arcticdistributed acoustic sensingpressure fluctuationsilent sources

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  • Analyzed low-frequency DAS data for hydrodynamic signatures of whale motion.

    • Main Results:

    • Successfully detected multiple silent whales simultaneously.
    • Estimated whale characteristics and confirmed motion signal decay at one over distance cubed.
    • Observed hydrodynamic signals from a cruise ship at 413 m depth and up to 550 m from the fiber cable.
    • Detected blue whales within 40 m of the fiber-optical cable.

    Conclusions:

    • Hydrodynamic signals detected via DAS offer a new modality for monitoring silent whales.
    • This method allows for simultaneous tracking and characteristic estimation of multiple individuals.
    • Enables effective monitoring of endangered whale species, enhancing conservation efforts.