Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants
Published on: March 29, 2018
Neglected parathyroids: Fluoride's trigger for skeletal fluorosis and endocrine domino effect
1School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, India.
Background:
Fluoride is a necessary micromineral for bone and dental health but excessive exposure can lead to dental and skeletal fluorosis. This review investigates the effects of fluoride on the parathyroid gland focusing on its structure and functions.
Methods:
Research papers were collected using various methods of data collection like PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, and then reviewed thoroughly.
Results:
Fluoride impacts parathyroid gland function through dose and time dependent modulation of PTH secretion. Various in-vitro and in-vivo studies have shown that fluoride inhibits the cAMP accumulation, and alters the morphology of parathyroid gland which might lead to endocrine dysregulation. In humans' fluoride exposure is related to disrupted serum PTH, calcium and vit. D levels particularly in case of high fluoride intake.
Conclusions:
Studies suggest that fluoride disrupts the balance of calcium and phosphate that may have significant implications on bone health and endocrine function. Fluoride affects the PTH hormone secretion, calcium homeostasis, calcium and vit. D levels. This type of study provides critical insights into pathophysiology of fluoride toxicity. These findings are crucial for health officials so that they can guide people about safe exposure limits of fluoride and damages caused at higher concentrations.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Essential Minerals for Bone Health
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
Minerals
Roles of Electrolytes: Calcium and Phosphate
The calcium concentration in blood plasma is primarily regulated...
The Parathyroid Glands
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by producing...
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis
Introduction to Electrolytes
Role of Sodium
One...

