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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity

The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...

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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay
06:08

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay

Published on: September 22, 2023

Innate immunity in allergic diseases: Novel concepts.

Angel Maldonado1, Alba Angelina1, Natalia Cuervo1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|June 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Dysregulation of type 2 (T2) immunity drives allergic diseases. Innate immune cells are key players, offering potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for T2-mediated conditions.

Keywords:
Allergic diseasesinnate immunitytrained immunitytype 2 inflammation

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Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy

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Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay
06:08

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Published on: September 22, 2023

Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy
10:39

Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy

Published on: April 16, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy Research
  • Innate Immunity

Background:

  • Type 2 (T2) immunity normally protects against parasites but its dysregulation causes allergic diseases.
  • Innate immune responses are increasingly recognized as crucial in initiating and sustaining allergic disorders.
  • Innate immune cells are identified as key drivers, potential biomarkers, and therapeutic targets in allergy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on molecular mechanisms of innate-adaptive immune interactions in T2-mediated diseases.
  • To discuss the role of trained immunity in allergic disease development.
  • To highlight the potential for novel biomarkers and precision medicine in allergy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advances in T2 immunity and innate immune cell roles.
  • Synthesis of molecular mechanisms underlying innate-adaptive immune interplay.
  • Discussion of trained immunity concepts in allergic contexts.

Main Results:

  • Innate immune cells critically influence the development and chronification of allergic diseases.
  • T2-mediated diseases like asthma and atopic dermatitis involve complex innate-adaptive immune interactions.
  • Trained immunity, both adaptive and maladaptive, impacts allergic disease susceptibility and progression.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding innate immune pathways is vital for identifying new biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
  • Precision medicine approaches targeting innate immunity can improve patient quality of life.
  • Targeting innate immunity offers a promising strategy to reduce the socioeconomic burden of allergic diseases.