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Related Concept Videos

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...

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Reprogramming Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Pluripotency
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Targeting developmental reprogramming: hPSC insights for cancer interception.

Xiaohui Xu1, Xiaolei Dong1, Jinyu Li1

  • 1Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
|June 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer arises from disrupted human development, reprogramming cell lineages. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) model early cancer events, revealing therapeutic targets linked to developmental states for early interception.

Keywords:
cancer interceptiondevelopmental reprogrammingepigenetic alterationhuman pluripotent stem cellslineage specificationstage-specific pharmacology

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cancer Research
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cancer is increasingly viewed as a developmental disorder.
  • Traditional models fail to capture early oncogenic reprogramming.
  • Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offer a novel platform for studying early cancer development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review how hPSC-derived models illuminate principles of lineage bias and differentiation arrest in cancer.
  • To explore therapeutic windows associated with specific developmental states.
  • To translate developmental insights into early cancer interception strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing hPSC-derived models to reconstruct oncogenic events.
  • Analyzing lineage bias and differentiation arrest across various malignancies (brain, retinal, myeloid).
  • Investigating hereditary cancer predispositions within developmental contexts.

Main Results:

  • hPSC models reveal key principles of lineage hijacking during development.
  • Evidence of differentiation arrest and lineage bias in various cancer types.
  • Identification of therapeutic vulnerabilities linked to developmental states.

Conclusions:

  • hPSC models provide unique insights into the developmental origins of cancer.
  • Targeting developmental states offers a promising strategy for early cancer interception.
  • This approach bridges developmental biology and cancer pharmacology.