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Related Concept Videos

Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes01:25

Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes

Consider a component AB undergoing a linear motion. Along with a linear motion, point B also rotates around point A. To comprehend this complex movement, position vectors for both points A and B are established using a stationary reference frame.
However, to express the relative position of point B relative to point A, an additional frame of reference, denoted as x'y', is necessary. This additional frame not only translates but also rotates relative to the fixed frame, making it instrumental in...
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...
Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy01:18

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...
Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Simultaneous Brightfield, Fluorescence, and Optical Coherence Tomographic Imaging of Contracting Cardiac Trabeculae Ex Vivo
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Using Principal Components Analysis to Visualize Motion and Mitigate Artifacts in Dynamic Optical Coherence

Alejandro Martínez Jiménez1,2,3, Adrian Bradu1

  • 1Applied Optics Group, School of Engineering, Mathematics and Physics, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.

Journal of Biophotonics
|June 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in Dynamic Optical Coherence Tomography (DOCT) reduces artifacts and isolates sample movement. This method enables histology-like imaging of tissue without complex histopathology techniques.

Keywords:
dynamic OCThistopathologyoptical coherence tomographyprincipal component analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Imaging
  • Optical Coherence Tomography
  • Medical Image Analysis

Background:

  • Dynamic Optical Coherence Tomography (DOCT) enhances visualization of dynamic biological processes using OCT signal fluctuations.
  • Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a common medical imaging technique with underexplored applications in DOCT.
  • High-numerical-aperture objectives can introduce artifacts in DOCT imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of PCA in reducing artifacts in DOCT imaging.
  • To explore PCA's potential for isolating dynamic processes and reconstructing volumetric images.
  • To assess PCA's utility in generating histology-like tissue sections.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of PCA for DOCT data processing.
  • Selection of significant principal components to minimize artifacts.
  • Application of the method to bovine kidney tissue samples.

Main Results:

  • PCA significantly reduced artifacts from specular reflections, especially with high-NA objectives.
  • Using a limited number of principal components effectively isolated sample movement.
  • Volumetric reconstruction and generation of thin, histology-like sections were achieved.

Conclusions:

  • PCA is an effective tool for artifact reduction and dynamic process visualization in DOCT.
  • This PCA-based DOCT approach simplifies tissue imaging, bypassing complex histopathology.
  • The method offers a promising alternative for rapid, high-resolution tissue analysis.