Exploring current cancer screening practices and guidelines for adults under age 50 in the United States

The concerning rise in early onset cancer (EOCs), defined as cancers diagnosed under the age of 50, has called attention to identifying individuals who may benefit from earlier cancer screening. These approaches involve patient-centered discussions to establish a personalized, risk-based screening plan. Important factors to consider when establishing a personalized risk-based cancer screening plan include a comprehensive family and personal cancer history and, if appropriate, genetic testing. Limitations in current cancer screening initiatives, healthcare systems, provider and public awareness, and access issues constrain these efforts. Within this context, we explore the current landscape of cancer screening for younger adults in the United States, describe associated challenges and efforts, and propose strategies for risk-based cancer screening in young adults.