Extraction, purification, bioactivities, and applications of active polysaccharides (AGP) from Ampelopsis...

Ampelopsis grossedentata, a dual-purpose medicinal and edible plant from the Vitaceae family, is a rich source of bioactive polysaccharides with significant therapeutic potential. This article systematically summarizes recent advances in the extraction, purification, structural characterization, and bioactivities of Ampelopsis grossedentata polysaccharides (AGP). As a key active component, AGP possesses extensive nutritional value. Structural analysis reveals that AGP is a heteropolysaccharide primarily composed of galactose, glucose, arabinose, and galacturonic acid, with specific components adopting a triple-helix conformation stabilized by hydrogen bonds. Pharmacological studies demonstrate that AGP exhibits notable antioxidant, antitumor, and immunomodulatory effects. Furthermore, leveraging its antioxidant properties, AGP has been applied in areas such as meat preservation and agricultural production, leading to the development of various health foods, including low-calorie lozenges and jellies. This review also preliminarily elucidates the structure-activity relationship of AGP and explores its potential applications in functional foods and food-grade colloidal delivery systems, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for its future clinical translation and industrial development.