[Research progress in light-driven chemical synthesis based on whole-cell bio-composite systems]

At present, in the field of light-driven chemical synthesis, how to achieve efficient and stable solar energy conversion remains a key challenge that needs to be urgently addressed. By mimicking natural photosynthesis, the sustainable production of high-value chemical products and clean fuels using solar energy has become a research hotspot. The whole-cell photosensitive bio-composite system, which combines the excellent light capture ability of semiconductor materials with the high specificity of intracellular biological catalysts, has shown great potential for the efficient conversion of solar energy into chemical energy and has become one of the frontier directions of interdisciplinary exploration. The continuous in-depth research on this system is expected to promote important breakthroughs in the bio-non-bio interface and provide new opportunities for the integration of multiple disciplines. This article systematically expounds the core composition of the whole-cell bio-composite system and focuses on its research progress in the fields of carbon dioxide reduction, nitrogen fixation, hydrogen production, and other chemical conversions.This review provides valuable insights into understanding the photoinduced charge transfer mechanism at the bio-abiotic interface and guiding the rational design of efficient light-driven biocatalytic systems, while also offering new perspectives for advancing the practical application of solar-to-chemical energy conversion.