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Related Concept Videos

Blood Types02:20

Blood Types

Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
ABO blood group
ABO antigens are glycoproteins encoded by genes present on...
RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...
Blood Typing01:10

Blood Typing

Understanding an individual's blood group is a critical component of transfusion medicine. It ensures compatibility in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and even during pregnancy. Determining these blood groups involves the ABO and Rh blood typing systems, utilizing specific antigens and corresponding anti-sera to identify an individual's blood type.
Antigens are protein molecules that reside on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). The ABO and Rh blood typing systems target antigens A,...
Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
Sanger Sequencing01:57

Sanger Sequencing

DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
The ABO Blood Group01:12

The ABO Blood Group

The ABO blood group system is a critical element of transfusion medicine, essential for determining blood compatibility in transfusions and organ transplants. It is based on specific antigens, or agglutinogens, present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and corresponding antibodies, or agglutinins, in the blood plasma.
Antigens in the ABO Blood Group System
Antigens are substances that can trigger an immune response, leading to the production of antibodies. In the ABO blood group system,...

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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Targeted Next-generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Pipeline to Evaluate Genetic Determinants of Constitutional Disease
09:34

Targeted Next-generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Pipeline to Evaluate Genetic Determinants of Constitutional Disease

Published on: April 4, 2018

Long-Read Sequencing in Blood Group Genetics.

Gian Andri Thun1, Morgan Gueuning1, Maja P Mattle-Greminger1

  • 1Department of Research and Development, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, Schlieren, Switzerland.

Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy : Offizielles Organ Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Fur Transfusionsmedizin Und Immunhamatologie
|June 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Third-generation sequencing (TGS) offers advanced capabilities for resolving complex genomic regions and improving accuracy in immunohematology. This technology is poised to enhance blood group genotyping, transcriptomics, and epigenetics, moving research towards diagnostics.

Keywords:
Blood group alleleHaplotypeLong-read sequencingStructural variationThird-generation sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Immunohematology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Third-generation sequencing (TGS) offers advantages in resolving long haplotypes and analyzing challenging genomic regions.
  • Recent TGS advancements have significantly improved accuracy, enabling diagnostic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prospects and practical applications of TGS in immunohematology.
  • To provide an overview of wet-laboratory and bioinformatic analysis methods for TGS data.
  • To offer an outlook on future advancements in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on TGS applications in immunohematology.
  • Analysis of wet-laboratory strategies for TGS data generation.
  • Summary of bioinformatic approaches for TGS data analysis.

Main Results:

  • TGS can resolve ambiguous blood group genotype-phenotype results, particularly in complex systems like RHD/CE and MNS.
  • The technology aids in generating reference alleles, haplotype databases, and high-resolution genotyping.
  • TGS has the potential to address knowledge gaps in blood group transcriptomics and epigenetics.

Conclusions:

  • TGS technologies show significant promise for advancing immunohematology research and diagnostics.
  • The adoption of TGS in immunohematology is expected to grow, driven by its ability to resolve complex genetic variations.
  • Further development in wet-lab and bioinformatic methods will enhance TGS utility in blood group genomics.