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Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

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Related Experiment Videos

Possible Causal Association Between Thyroid-Related Traits and Diabetic Retinopathy Risk: Evidence From 23

Zhengbo Xue1, Riyan Zhang1, Qinyi Zhang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Eye Health, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Current Eye Research
|June 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid dysfunction may causally increase diabetic retinopathy risk. This research highlights the importance of managing thyroid health for diabetes patients to prevent vision complications.

Keywords:
Diabetic retinopathyMendelian randomizationgenome-wide association studythyroid dysfunction

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Endocrinology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss in diabetic patients.
  • Thyroid dysfunction is common in individuals with diabetes.
  • The potential causal link between thyroid function and DR risk requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if thyroid-related medication-taking traits are causally associated with diabetic retinopathy.
  • To explore the genetic relationship between thyroid function and DR using Mendelian randomization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics from UK Biobank (approx. 320,000 individuals).
  • Employed Mendelian randomization (MR) with inverse-variance weighting and MR-PRESSO to assess causal effects.
  • Conducted reverse MR and used public GWAS data to confirm associations and exclude reverse causality.

Main Results:

  • Thyroid preparations and drugs used in diabetes showed significant association with DR.
  • Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were linked to significantly higher DR risk (ORs ranging from 1.31 to 1.32).
  • Mendelian randomization analysis indicated a potential causal relationship between thyroid preparations and DR (OR = 1.18).

Conclusions:

  • Thyroid dysfunction appears to be a causal factor elevating the risk of diabetic retinopathy.
  • Findings suggest thyroid health management is crucial for DR screening and prevention in diabetes.
  • Potential mechanisms involve thyroid-related oxidative stress and inflammation.