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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...

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Fiber-Optic Raman Sensor for Early Dental Caries Detection: Performance Evaluation and Robustness to Probe

Sofia Pessanha1,2, João Miguel Silveira2,3, Paulo Ribeiro1,2

  • 1NOVA School of Science and Technology, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.

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|June 25, 2026
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Summary

A new fiber-optic Raman sensor offers a simpler, non-polarized approach for early dental caries detection. This innovative method shows promising accuracy in identifying sound, affected, and carious enamel tissues.

Keywords:
confocal Raman microscopydentistrydiagnosisfiber-optic coupled sensor

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Materials Science
  • Dental Diagnostics

Background:

  • Early detection of dental caries is crucial but challenging with conventional methods lacking sensitivity for early lesions.
  • Raman spectroscopy provides chemical specificity for enamel but clinical application is limited by complex polarized confocal systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a simplified, non-polarized fiber-optic Raman sensing approach for detecting and classifying dental enamel conditions.
  • To assess the performance and robustness of the fiber-optic sensor compared to conventional systems.

Main Methods:

  • A custom fiber-optic probe was designed for remote Raman spectroscopy measurements of dental enamel.
  • Spectral data were analyzed using Raman-derived features and a multinomial logistic regression classifier.
  • The system's performance was evaluated against a polarized confocal Raman system, including spatial variability and angular sensitivity tests.

Main Results:

  • The fiber-optic sensor achieved an overall classification accuracy of 73% for sound, affected, and carious enamel.
  • Leave-one-tooth-out cross-validation confirmed classification performance (F1-scores: 0.55 sound, 0.63 affected, 0.9 carious).
  • The system demonstrated robustness to probe misalignment up to 10° angular deviation.

Conclusions:

  • A simplified, non-polarized fiber-optic Raman system offers competitive diagnostic performance for early dental caries detection.
  • The developed sensor shows clinical relevance and robustness, supporting its potential as a point-of-care diagnostic platform.
  • This approach facilitates translation of Raman spectroscopy for practical clinical use in dentistry.