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Sintering Method-Dependent Hydroxyapatite Coatings Drive Enhanced Gingival Fibroblast Behavior on Titanium Implant
Andreia Bandeira Luís1,2, Narayan Sahoo3,4, Beatriz Ferreira Fernandes2
1CEMBDE-Cochrane Portugal, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisbon, Portugal.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2026
Summary
Laser-assisted hydroxyapatite coating on titanium implants enhances fibroblast response. Optimized laser sintering with a 0.25 mm pattern promotes favorable cytokine secretion, suggesting reduced inflammation for improved osteointegration.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Surface Science
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Optimizing implant surfaces is crucial for faster osteointegration and reduced failure rates.
- Laser-assisted techniques offer novel methods for surface modification and bioactive coating incorporation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate a laser-assisted approach for incorporating hydroxyapatite onto titanium implant surfaces.
- To assess the biological response of human gingival fibroblasts to these modified surfaces.
Main Methods:
- Titanium discs were laser-textured and coated with hydroxyapatite using conventional or laser sintering.
- Human gingival fibroblasts were cultured to evaluate adhesion, morphology, viability, and cytokine secretion (IL-1β, IL-10).
- Surface characterization included scanning electron microscopy.
Main Results:
- Laser-sintered hydroxyapatite coatings maintained fibroblast viability, unlike conventionally sintered coatings.
- Fibroblast adhesion was observed on all surfaces.
- A 0.25 mm laser-textured pattern with laser-sintered hydroxyapatite showed a more favorable cytokine profile (lower IL-1β/viability, higher IL-10/viability) compared to a 0.8 mm pattern.
Conclusions:
- Laser-assisted hydroxyapatite coating is a viable method for titanium implant surface modification.
- The 0.25 mm laser-textured pattern with optimized laser sintering elicits a reduced pro-inflammatory response.
- This approach holds potential for improving implant osteointegration and clinical outcomes.
