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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:28

Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a condition where the mitral valve does not close properly, leading to the backward flow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium during systole. This condition can arise from various causes, including rheumatic fever, infective endocarditis, or degenerative valve disease. Effective nursing management is crucial to optimizing patient outcomes and involves comprehensive assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed...
Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Studying Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling by Aortic Debanding in Rodents
07:26

Studying Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling by Aortic Debanding in Rodents

Published on: July 14, 2021

Multi-Chamber Reverse Remodeling and Hemodynamic Force Realignment After SGLT2 Inhibitor Initiation in Real-World

Silvia Prosperi1, Sara Monosilio1, Andrea D'Amato1

  • 1Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, La Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.

Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
|June 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) improve heart remodeling across all heart chambers in heart failure (HF) patients. This real-world study also found SGLT2i therapy improved hemodynamic forces, indicating better heart-flow coupling, with no significant sex differences.

Keywords:
SGLT2icardiac reverse remodelingheart failurehemodynamic forcesstrain imaging

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Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Studying Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling by Aortic Debanding in Rodents
07:26

Studying Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling by Aortic Debanding in Rodents

Published on: July 14, 2021

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) demonstrate beneficial effects on cardiac reverse remodeling (RR) in heart failure (HF).
  • Existing research often focuses on single-chamber remodeling (left ventricle/atrium), with limited exploration of integrated biventricular and atrial remodeling.
  • Real-world data on SGLT2i effects are scarce, particularly regarding myocardial-flow coupling markers like hemodynamic forces (HDFs) and potential sex-related differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate multi-chamber cardiac reverse remodeling (RR) following SGLT2 inhibitor initiation in a real-world heart failure (HF) population.
  • To assess if changes in hemodynamic forces (HDFs) offer additional functional insights into myocardial-flow coupling beyond conventional echocardiographic indices.
  • To descriptively explore potential sex-related differences in echocardiographic remodeling.

Main Methods:

  • Enrolled patients with HF (ejection fraction ≤ 45%) treatment-naive to SGLT2i and on stable guideline-directed medical therapy.
  • Performed standard and advanced echocardiography (including speckle-tracking and HDFs assessment) at baseline and 6-month follow-up.
  • Collected NYHA class and NT-proBNP levels, analyzing data overall and stratified by sex.

Main Results:

  • Observed significant reverse remodeling (RR) across all chambers after 6 months: LV-RR (49%), RV-RR (52%), biventricular RR (27%), and LA-RR (21%).
  • Hemodynamic forces (HDFs) demonstrated significant realignment, correlating with improved myocardial-flow coupling.
  • Reverse remodeling effects were comparable between sexes (p > 0.05), and NT-proBNP levels significantly decreased.

Conclusions:

  • SGLT2i therapy in a real-world cohort is associated with significant multi-chamber cardiac reverse remodeling and HDFs realignment.
  • Findings support improved myocardial-flow coupling with SGLT2i, offering insights beyond conventional echocardiographic indices.
  • Exploratory analyses revealed no significant sex-related differences in remodeling effects, warranting larger, longer-term randomized studies.