Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).

Pigmentation

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Stress mindset moderates the association between threat stress appraisals and stress-eating in women.

Physiology & behavior·2026

Same author

International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: effects of dietary antioxidants on exercise and sports performance.

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·2026

Same author

Hydration Strategies in Older Adults.

Nutrients·2025

Same author

Stress mindset predicts psychophysiological responses to stress and eating behaviors and moderates the stress-eating relationship in women.

Physiology & behavior·2025

Same author

Impact of an Active Nutrition Program on Weight Loss and Metabolic Health in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Cureus·2024

Same author

International consensus on fasting terminology.

Cell metabolism·2024

Same journal

Narrative Review of Novel Nicotine-Delivery Systems and Emerging Pharmaceuticals for Tobacco Cessation.

Medicines (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same journal

Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) Bacteremia-Guidelines and Recent Developments.

Medicines (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same journal

Sulforaphane Synergies with Phytochemicals and Pharmaceuticals: Implications for Healthspan.

Medicines (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same journal

The Efficacy of Fixed-Dose Diclofenac and Orphenadrine for Postoperative Pain Management: A Systematic Review.

Medicines (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same journal

Evidence and Tradition in Dialogue: Biological Sex Variability in Phytomedicine Research as a Foundation for Safety, Efficacy, and Robust Evidence Standards.

Medicines (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same journal

Anticholinergic Burden in Elderly People in Nursing Homes: Cross-Sectional Assessment Using ACB Calculator and CRIDECO Anticholinergic Load Scale.

Medicines (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Published on: September 7, 2013

Cinnamon-Derived Compounds Reduce PD-L1 Expression in UV-Exposed Human Skin Cell Line.

Chidambaram Ramanathan¹, Richard J Bloomer¹, Gus Romero²

¹Center for Nutraceutical and Dietary Supplement Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.

Medicines (Basel, Switzerland)

|June 25, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Cinnamon compounds CTD-1 and CTB-1, along with cinnamon extract, protect skin cells from UVAB radiation damage. CTD-1 showed the best results, reducing DNA damage and PD-L1 expression without harming cells.

Keywords:

CTB-1 CTD-1 DNA damage PD-L1 UVAB radiation cinnamon extract keratinocytes

More Related Videos

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro

Published on: March 6, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Published on: September 7, 2013

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro

Published on: March 6, 2019

Area of Science:

Dermatology
Photobiology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Ultraviolet A and B (UVAB) radiation causes DNA damage and elevates programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in skin cells, impairing tissue repair and immune function.
UVAB exposure is a significant environmental factor contributing to skin damage and immune evasion.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the protective effects of Cinnamtannin B1 (CTB-1), Cinnamtannin D1 (CTD-1), and cinnamon extract against UVAB-induced damage in human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells).
To assess the impact of these compounds on PD-L1 expression, cell viability, and DNA damage following UVAB exposure.

Main Methods:

HaCaT cells were exposed to varying doses of UVAB radiation.
Cells were treated with different concentrations and time points of CTB-1, CTD-1, and cinnamon extract.
Measurements included PD-L1 expression, cell viability assays, and DNA damage assessment (specifically double-strand breaks).

Main Results:

Cinnamtannin D1 (CTD-1) significantly reduced UVAB-induced PD-L1 expression and DNA double-strand breaks without affecting cell viability.
Cinnamtannin B1 (CTB-1) offered protection at certain doses but reduced cell viability at higher concentrations.
Cinnamon extract showed protective effects at low doses but became cytotoxic at higher concentrations.

Conclusions:

CTD-1, CTB-1, and cinnamon extract effectively attenuated UVAB-induced cellular damage in HaCaT cells.
CTD-1 exhibited the most promising protective profile, highlighting its potential therapeutic benefits.
These cinnamon-derived compounds may serve as candidates for preventing UVAB-induced skin damage and immune dysregulation.