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Related Concept Videos

Chirality02:25

Chirality

Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
Prochirality02:05

Prochirality

The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid. The...
Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur02:30

Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur

Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...

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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Demonstration of Equal-Intensity Beam Generation by Dielectric Metasurfaces
09:33

Demonstration of Equal-Intensity Beam Generation by Dielectric Metasurfaces

Published on: June 7, 2019

BIC-Based Silicon Metasurfaces for Chiral Response and Tunable Chiral Absorption.

Hao Huang1, Qun Ren2

  • 1School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a novel silicon metasurface design for strong chiral responses. By breaking symmetry and utilizing bound states in the continuum (BICs), it achieves near-limit circular dichroism (CD) and tunable chiral absorption.

Keywords:
C pointsbound states in the continuumchiral responsegraphenemetasurface

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Area of Science:

  • Nanophotonics
  • Metasurfaces
  • Chirality

Background:

  • Achieving large and reversible circular dichroism (CD) in dielectric metasurfaces is crucial for polarization-selective devices.
  • Simple dielectric structures often struggle to provide strong CD.
  • Bound states in the continuum (BICs) offer potential for enhanced light-matter interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel symmetry-broken silicon metasurface for strong near-infrared chiral response.
  • To demonstrate tunable circular-polarization-selective absorption using graphene integration.
  • To leverage bound states in the continuum (BICs) for enhanced chiral optical properties.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a silicon nanoblock metasurface with asymmetric through-air grooves to break C2 rotational symmetry.
  • Utilized out-of-plane tilting to shift quasi-BIC modes and enable spin-selective coupling.
  • Integrated graphene to achieve tunable circular-polarization-selective absorption.

Main Results:

  • Achieved near-limit circular dichroism (CD) values of -0.98 and 0.98 by manipulating quasi-BIC modes.
  • Demonstrated reversible CD by reversing the out-of-plane tilt.
  • Obtained tunable circular-polarization-selective absorption approaching theoretical limits with graphene integration.

Conclusions:

  • Symmetry breaking in dielectric metasurfaces is an effective strategy to control spin-selective quasi-BIC coupling.
  • The proposed design offers a new pathway for compact chiral nanophotonic devices.
  • The integration of graphene enables tunable chiral absorption for advanced optical applications.