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Readiness for Pointe Shoes in Ballet: A Delphi Consensus Study.

Haydee Ferguson1, Rhiannon Snipe1, Jason Bonacci1

  • 1Centre for Sport Research in the Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3216, Australia.

Sports Medicine - Open
|June 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Determining pointe readiness in ballet dancers involves assessing skills, physical traits, and well-being. This study established consensus criteria for safe progression, highlighting the need for standardized pointe readiness assessments.

Keywords:
AssessmentBalletDelphi methodPointePointe readiness

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Area of Science:

  • Dance Science
  • Sports Medicine
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Pointe shoe progression is a critical milestone in ballet training.
  • Current guidelines for pointe readiness are broad and subjective, lacking consensus.
  • A need exists for objective criteria to ensure dancer safety and optimal progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish consensus on essential criteria for commencing pointe work.
  • To explore differing perspectives among ballet teachers and health professionals.
  • To identify key reasons for conducting pointe readiness assessments.

Main Methods:

  • A scoping review identified existing pointe readiness criteria.
  • A Delphi study involved 21 experts (ballet teachers, health professionals, dance researchers).
  • Criteria were synthesized and rated using a 4-point Likert scale, with consensus defined as ≥80% agreement.

Main Results:

  • Ninety-nine criteria were identified, grouped into skill/training, physical characteristics, and health/well-being.
  • 48 criteria reached consensus, with single-leg heel-rise, balance, control, and injury history showing highest agreement.
  • 18 out of 22 reasons for assessment reached consensus, emphasizing baseline establishment and informed decision-making.

Conclusions:

  • Consensus-informed pointe readiness criteria were established, revealing differing expert priorities.
  • While IADMS guidelines were supported, standardized assessment methods are lacking.
  • Pointe readiness assessments are valuable for informing progression and developing evidence-based guidelines.