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Related Concept Videos

Types of Fluids01:27

Types of Fluids

Fluids can be classified into Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids based on their response to shear stress. Newtonian fluids have a linear relationship between shear stress and the shear strain rate, following Newton's law of viscosity. Their viscosity remains constant regardless of the shear rate, making their behavior predictable and easier to analyze. Common examples include water, air, oil, and gasoline.
In contrast, non-Newtonian fluids do not follow Newton's law of viscosity, and their...
Fluid Movement Between Compartments01:18

Fluid Movement Between Compartments

The force applied by fluids against a surface, known as hydrostatic pressure, initiates the transfer of fluid among different compartments. Within our blood vessels, the blood's hydrostatic pressure is a result of the heart's pumping action. At the arteriolar end of capillaries, hydrostatic pressure (capillary blood pressure) exceeds the opposing colloid osmotic pressure created primarily by plasma proteins like albumin. This discrepancy in pressure propels plasma and nutrients from the...
Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
Accelerating Fluids01:17

Accelerating Fluids

When a fluid is in constant acceleration, the pressure and buoyant force equations are modified. Suppose a beaker is placed in an elevator accelerating upward with a constant acceleration, a. In the beaker, assume there is a thin cylinder of height h with an infinitesimal cross-sectional area, ΔS.
The motion of the liquid within this infinitesimal cylinder is considered to obtain the pressure difference. Three vertical forces act on this liquid:
Two Components: Liquid–Liquid Systems01:27

Two Components: Liquid–Liquid Systems

A pressure-composition phase diagram explicitly describes the behavior of an ideal solution of two volatile liquids under varying pressures and compositions. A pressure-composition diagram has two main curves. The bubble point curve represents the plot of pressure versus liquid mole fraction. It indicates the pressure at which the first bubble of vapor forms from the liquid phase as the system pressure decreases.The dew point curve is the pressure versus vapor mole fraction. It indicates the...
Pressure of Fluids01:14

Pressure of Fluids

There are many examples of pressure in fluids in everyday life, such as in relation to blood (high or low blood pressure) and in relation to weather (high- and low-pressure weather systems). A given force can have a significantly different effect, depending on the area over which the force is exerted. For instance, a force applied to an area of 1 mm2 has a pressure that is 100 times greater than the same force applied to an area of 1 cm2. That's why a sharp needle is able to poke through skin...

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Rapid Subtractive Patterning of Live Cell Layers with a Microfluidic Probe
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Interacting Parallel Fluidic Hysterons.

Katrien Stinissen1, Franco Nicolas Piñan Basualdo1, Benjamin Gorissen1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|June 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explored parallel-connected fluidic hysterons, nonlinear elements with memory, in inflatable soft systems. Preset volumes offer a new way to control their interactions and tune system responses for embodied computation.

Keywords:
fluidic couplinghysteronsinflatablesphysical intelligence

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Robotics and Inflatable Systems
  • Nonlinear Dynamics and Control
  • Computational Materials Science

Background:

  • Highly nonlinear structures are crucial for software-free advanced functionality.
  • Fluidic hysterons, nonlinear fluidic elements with memory, are promising for complex behaviors in inflatable soft systems.
  • Previous research primarily focused on series connections (pressure-shared) of inflatable hysteretic elements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the behavior of inflatable hysterons connected in a parallel, equal-volume-change architecture.
  • To develop a general framework for understanding series and parallel connections of nonlinear inflatable structures in pressure-volume space.
  • To introduce a practical strategy for controlling interactions in these coupled systems.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a general analytical framework to describe pressure-volume relationships in series and parallel hysteretic element connections.
  • Introduction of a strategy involving presetting pressures and volumes to manipulate system interactions.
  • Experimental validation using parallel-connected fluidic hysterons to compare with analytical predictions.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that parallel coupling of fluidic hysterons in an equal-volume-change architecture is feasible and distinct from series configurations.
  • Validated analytical predictions for parallel connections through experimental data.
  • Showcased preset volume as a key control parameter for tuning interaction strength and functional response in parallel systems.

Conclusions:

  • Volume-constrained parallel coupling represents a novel design principle for inflatable systems.
  • This architecture enables distributed memory and embodied computation in soft systems.
  • The developed framework and control strategy offer new possibilities for designing complex inflatable devices.