Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Dementia l: Introduction01:22

Dementia l: Introduction

Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
Dementia01:30

Dementia

Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual.
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ and tau...
Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Trajectories of brain structure and function in young adult carriers of genetic frontotemporal dementia variants.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Emerging directions in tauopathy research.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same author

Clinical prognostic indicators in multiple system atrophy.

Brain : a journal of neurology·2026
Same author

Blood biomarkers to improve dementia diagnostic accuracy: a cross-sectional analysis.

BMC geriatrics·2026
Same author

Biomarkers of Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) and Lysosomal Dysfunction in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy.

Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society·2026
Same author

Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cortical Microstructure Differs in Nonmanifest and Manifest Genetic Parkinson's Disease.

Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society·2026
Same journal

Estimation of ED50 and ED95 of oliceridine required to suppress bronchoscopic responses during remimazolam sedation: study protocol for an up-and-down sequential allocation trial.

BMJ open·2026
Same journal

Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards neurodevelopment among parents of children born moderate to late preterm in Changzhou, China: a cross-sectional study.

BMJ open·2026
Same journal

Virtual reality training for cognitive impairment in adults treated with haemodialysis (VIRTUAL): protocol for a multicentre, randomised, open-label feasibility trial.

BMJ open·2026
Same journal

Prenatal biliary imaging for the diagnosis of biliary atresia: a protocol for a multicentre prospective diagnostic accuracy study.

BMJ open·2026
Same journal

Breastfeeding and risk of maternal type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study of 280 000 women in China.

BMJ open·2026
Same journal

Exploring key stakeholder perceptions on the impact of younger stroke: a multinational, qualitative interview study.

BMJ open·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: June 25, 2019

REAl world Dementia OUTcomes (READ-OUT) protocol: observational study.

David J Whiteside1,2, Yi Yang3, Ahmet Begde3

  • 1Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK djw216@cam.ac.uk.

BMJ Open
|June 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study assesses blood biomarkers for dementia in real-world UK populations. Findings will guide the integration of these biomarkers into clinical practice for better dementia diagnosis and care.

Keywords:
BrainDementiaObservational StudyVulnerable Populations

More Related Videos

Dual-Task Stroop Paradigm for Detecting Cognitive Deficits in High-Functioning Stroke Patients
07:42

Dual-Task Stroop Paradigm for Detecting Cognitive Deficits in High-Functioning Stroke Patients

Published on: December 16, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: June 25, 2019

Dual-Task Stroop Paradigm for Detecting Cognitive Deficits in High-Functioning Stroke Patients
07:42

Dual-Task Stroop Paradigm for Detecting Cognitive Deficits in High-Functioning Stroke Patients

Published on: December 16, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarker Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Dementia diagnosis and prognosis require validated blood biomarkers (BBMs).
  • Real-world data is crucial for integrating BBMs into clinical practice.
  • Existing research highlights the need for studies on BBMs' societal implications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic utility of BBMs in real-world dementia populations.
  • To assess the societal and health economic implications of BBMs.
  • To inform the design of a randomized controlled trial for BBM cost-effectiveness.

Main Methods:

  • The REAl world Dementia OUTcomes (READ-OUT) study is a 3-year, multi-site observational study in the UK.
  • 3165 participants aged 45+ attending memory assessment services are included, with up-sampling of under-represented groups.
  • Data collection includes venepuncture, questionnaires, and linkage to electronic health records; substudies assess reliability and feasibility.

Main Results:

  • The study protocol outlines the methodology for assessing BBMs' clinical utility against diagnoses and health records.
  • Substudies will investigate BBM test-retest reliability and sample processing.
  • Health economic data will be collected to assess BBMs' cost-effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • The READ-OUT study will provide essential evidence for the safe and effective integration of BBMs into dementia care.
  • Findings will support the clinical utility and cost-effectiveness of using BBMs in memory assessment services.
  • The study aims to improve dementia diagnosis and patient outcomes through biomarker research.